The package of jave.net of the J2SE APIs comprises a huge collection of interfaces and classes that propose a low-level communication detail. This also permits people to write programs that concentrate on solving various issues at hand.
Some Terminologies of Networking
The commonly utilized Java network terminologies are:
IP Address – It is an exclusive number that gets assigned to a network’s node, like 192.68.0.1. This comprises octets that do range from 0-255.
Protocol – A protocol is considered some sets of rules that are followed for communication, like SMTP, TCP, FTP, POP, Telnet, etc.
Port Number – This number exclusively recognizes various applications besides working in the form of a communication endpoint between different applications. For communicating between a couple of applications, this port number it utilized besides an IP Address.
MAC Address – Commonly, a MAC address is considered a hardware identification number that uniquely recognizes every device present on a network. For instance, an Ethernet card might possess a MAC address.
Connection-less and Connection-oriented protocol – When it is a connection-oriented protocol then the receiver sends the acknowledgment. Hence, it turns reliable but slow. TCP is considered an instance of a connection-oriented protocol. However, in the case of a connection-less protocol, then the receiver does not send the acknowledgment. Hence, it isn’t reliable but fast. UDP is considered an instance of a connection-less protocol.
Socket – In Java, a socket is considered an endpoint of a 2-way communication link that connects two programs that run on the network. The socket remains bound to one port number and so, the TCP layer becomes capable of identifying the applications where data is destined for being sent.
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