Likert developed a 4-level system of leadership effectiveness. The patterns of leadership are known as the Systems of Management and they are assigned numbers 1-4 for indicating the evolution stages in the management patterns regarding leadership style.
The four systems are designed for highlighting the different organizational characteristics and dynamics built around communications between people. The system explores the different soft management skills including trust-building along with their effects on the wider dynamics of the organization.
The Four Systems of Leadership
Likert’s Four Systems of Leadership are discussed in our Likert’s Four Systems of Leadership assignment help online as follows:
Exploitative Authorative: This system is very hierarchical, with proper responsibility and power luting at the greater levels in an organization. Individuals that are lower down the system do not influence decision-making and they are not involved in this process by the superiors because of a lack of trust between employees and managers.
The roles are dictated and the communication is delivered from top to down instead of being a two-way communication. The higher management is responsible to achieve the organizational objectives though shall hold employees for the mistakes, which are made at the lower levels.
Benevolent Authoritative: In this system, the responsibility remains at the upper authorities of an organization. Rather than inducting performance via the threat of punishment, employees are motivated through any reward system. The superiors have trust in the employees more than managers in this system and thus they are willing to reward individuals for better performance.
There is two-way communication between line managers and employees though upwards communication is restricted and it leads towards positive information and not requests or queries. Employees shall not suggest new recommendations or ideas that can make them more satisfied or productive and thus there is a lack of teamwork and communication.
Consultative: In this system, managers have a higher trust in their subordinates. They show this by implementing beliefs or ideas that that share with the team members. There is a level of communication in the hierarchy of an organization and team members are consulted in the decision-making process. The ultimate decision-making shall remain with the greatest levels in an organization.
Participative: As discussed in our Likert’s Four Systems of Leadership assignment writing help, Likert considered this system that can be highly satisfying the lower-level employees. Employees can freely discuss any ideas or issues with their superiors. The rewards in this system and the teams can co-operative without any direct competition among the employees.